Título:	Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia in patients on hemodialysis in Brazil : findings from the multicenter sarc-hd study
Autor(es):	Duarte, Marvery Peterson Nóbrega, Otávio de Tolêdo Vogt, Barbara P. Pereira, Marina S. Vieira, Fábio A. Silva, Maryanne Z. C. Disessa, Henrique S. Mondini, Dario R. Krug, Rodrigo R. Sant’Helena, Bruna M. Bundchen, Daiana C. Bohlke, Maristela Adamoli, Angélica N. Lima, Ricardo M. Inda-Filho, Antônio J. Avesani, Carla M. Reboredo, Maycon M. Ribeiro, Heitor S. The SARC-HD Study Group
Afiliação do autor:	University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences Federal University of Uberlandia, Medicine Faculty Federal University of Juiz de Fora, School of Medicine University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences São Paulo State University, Department of Physical Education, Bauru State University of Campinas, Faculty of Physical Education, Laboratory of Applied Kinesiology University of Cruz Alta, Postgraduation Program in Comprehensive Health Care IELUSC Faculty, Joinville, Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Health Sciences, Araranguá, Brazil Catholic University of Pelotas, Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre University of Brasilia, Faculty of Physical Education University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences
Assunto:	Sarcopenia Força muscular Circunferência da panturrilha Doença renal crônica Hemodiálise Epidemiologia
Data de publicação:	5-Jan-2026
Editora:	Frontiers Media SA
Referência:	DUARTE, Marvery P. et al. Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia in patients on hemodialysis in Brazil: findings from the multicenter sarc-hd study. Frontiers in Medicine, [S. l.], v. 12, 1671237, 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1671237. Disponível em: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1671237/full. Acesso em: 14 out. 2026.
Abstract:	Objective The understanding of sarcopenia in patients on hemodialysis from middle-income countries remains underexplored. We investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the SARC openia trajectories and associations with clinical outcomes in patients on Hemo Dialysis (SARC-HD) multicenter study. Muscle strength was assessed by handgrip, muscle mass by calf circumference, and physical performance by the 4-m gait speed test. Sarcopenia was diagnosed and staged as probable, confirmed, or severe based on the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) consensus. Associated factors were investigated with adjustment for potential confounders. Results A total of 983 patients (median age 59 years; 48% ≥ 60 years; 40% female) from 19 dialysis centers were analyzed. The prevalences of probable, confirmed, and severe sarcopenia were 12, 9, and 5%, respectively. Sarcopenia prevalence increased with age, ranging from 7 to 45% in the male individuals and from 4 to 21% in the female individuals. In the fully adjusted model, older age [≥60 years; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.09–5.21], male sex (aOR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13–2.77), white ethnicity (aOR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.23–2.87), and diabetes as the etiology/comorbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (aOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.20–2.91) were independently associated with higher odds of sarcopenia. Nevertheless, overweight (aOR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24–0.60) and obesity (aOR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.05–0.26) were associated with lower odds. After sensitivity analyses based on dialysis prescription, only older age, white ethnicity, overweight, and obesity remained independently associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion One in four patients on hemodialysis had some stage of sarcopenia. Independent risk factors associated with sarcopenia were older age and white ethnicity, whereas overweight and obesity were protective factors. These findings may help identify hemodialysis patients at increased risk of sarcopenia, thereby promoting early screening, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FS) Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde (FCTS) – Campus UnB Ceilândia
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
Licença:	This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1671237
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