Título:	Cocaína, metabólitos e adulterantes no esgoto : estratégias para estimar o poliuso de drogas e o perfil de usuários
Autor(es):	Silva, Katyeny Manuela da
Orientador(es):	Sodré, Fernando Fabriz
Assunto:	Cocaína Cocaetileno Epidemiologia do esgoto Drogas Consumo recreativo de drogas
Data de publicação:	13-Ago-2021
Data de defesa:	9-Ago-2018
Referência:	SILVA, Katyeny Manuela da. Cocaína, metabólitos e adulterantes no esgoto: estratégias para estimar o poliuso de drogas e o perfil de usuários. 2018. 94 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química)—Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2018.
Abstract:	The analysis of target molecules in a wastewater generated by a population has provided complementary information to the monitoring of drug use. This tool, commonly known in the literature as wastewater-based epidemiology has been used in the Brazilian Federal District in order to estimate the consumption of cocaine. Previously results showed that cocaine consumption doubles during weekends in Federal District suggesting the existence of different group users. One of the groups is composed of chemical dependents who constantly use drugs and the other one of intermittent users who may double cocaine consumption during the weekends. With the purpose of differentiating this kind of situation, an alternative would be monitoring the product of cocaine and alcohol metabolization called cocaethylene, which might indicate co-consumption of both substances. In this context, this work quantified cocaine, its metabolites benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene, plus its adulterants phenacetin and levamisole wastewater samples by SPE-LC/QTOF. Benzoylecgonine was used to estimate cocaine consumption using a country-tuned correction factor that considers BE excretion rates for different routes of administration as well as the fraction of crack users in Brazil. A day-to-day analysis indicates higher cocaine use in weekends with peaks on Sunday in both southern (7385±121 mg day-1 1000 inhab-1) and northern (3566±171 mg day-1 1000 inhab-1) areas of Brasilia. A significant high cocaine use was also observed in the Carnival Day of 2018 in the northern area (6229±219 mg day-1 1000 inhab-1). COE/BE ratios were used to assess cocaine and alcohol co- consumption since COE is produced during the polyuse of both substances. Higher ratios were also observed during the weekend. However, higher ratios on Saturdays rather than Sundays may be explained by the decrease of BE excretion during the polyuse, which may lead to an underestimation of the cocaine use estimates on Saturdays, as well as by different patterns of polyuse by powder and crack users, where the latter usually drink lower amounts of alcohol. The data compared to seized drugs suggests that the Brazilian Civil Police seized only 3% of cocaine during the study. The amounts of cocaine adulterants, phenacetin, and levamisole in the sewage were related to the crack and cocaine samples seized by the Federal Police to estimate a numerical prevalence of consumption between one or another route of administration. It has been estimated that crack cocaine users in the DF account for about 50% of cocaine users. The findings contribute to making the tool more robust and complete, as well as providing useful information for initiatives to combat drug use and trafficking.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Química (IQ)
Informações adicionais:	Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2018.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
Licença:	A concessão da licença deste item refere-se ao termo de autorização impresso assinado pelo autor com as seguintes condições: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publicação, autorizo a Universidade de Brasília e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio dos sites www.bce.unb.br, www.ibict.br, http://hercules.vtls.com/cgi-bin/ndltd/chameleon?lng=pt&skin=ndltd sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permissões assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data.
Aparece nas coleções:	Teses, dissertações e produtos pós-doutorado

Os itens no repositório estão protegidos por copyright, com todos os direitos reservados, salvo quando é indicado o contrário.