Título:	Análise comparativa da modulação autonômica cardíaca no repouso e após teste de esforço máximo em indivíduos fisicamente ativos e em praticantes de treinamento físico de sobrecarga de volume e de resistência cardiovascular
Autor(es):	Guimarães, Freddy Enrique Ramos
Orientador(es):	Molina, Guilherme Eckhardt
Assunto:	Frequência cardíaca de recuperação Reativação parassimpática Retirada simpática Treinamento físico CrossFit
Data de publicação:	5-Abr-2021
Data de defesa:	21-Dez-2020
Referência:	GUIMARÃES, Freddy Enrique Ramos. Análise comparativa da modulação autonômica cardíaca no repouso e após teste de esforço máximo em indivíduos fisicamente ativos e em praticantes de treinamento físico de sobrecarga de volume e de resistência cardiovascular. 2020. 142 f., il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Física)—Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2020.
Abstract:	High intensity interval physical training has been popularized in the last decade, by the CrossFit®. Becoming a promotion strategy for cardiovascular health, as well as the already established aerobic training. However, there are few data on the effect of CrossFit® on cardiac autonomic adaptations of rest and recovery immediately after effort compared to the aerobic characteristic modality as triathlon and to physically active individuals. Objectives: To verify the hypothesis of difference between the cronototropic response and its variability, based on the analysis of heart rate variability at rest (supine and orthostatic) and during the 5 minutes immediately after the maximal cardiopulmonary effort test in physically active individuals with practitioners CrossFit® and triathlon. Methods: 53 apparently healthy adult men were divided into three groups: physical training practitioners without defined sports modality, control group - CG: n=15; 30 (25-36) years and BMI 24 (19-29) kg/m2; CrossFit® practitioners, resistance group - RG: n=15; 33 (26-39) years and BMI 26 (21-28) kg/m2 and triathlon athletes, volume group - VG: n=23; 33 (27-37) years and BMI 24 (21-27) kg/m2. They were submitted to heart rate (HR) analysis and their variability in resting conditions, effort and recovery. Results: The groups presented resting bradycardia in the supine position. VG presented lower HR when compared to CG, during the supine and orthostatic positions (p<0.05). The VG presented lower value of DFA α1 compared to the CG (p<0.05) during the supine position. The RG presented higher SD1 compared to the CG during the orthostatic position (p<0.05). At the beginning of the exercise, VG presented lower HR compared to the CG and RG (p<0.05). The groups presented similar values of oxygen consumption (VO2) recorded during the anaerobic threshold and HR and VO2 at the peak effort (p>0.05). The VG presented higher chronotropic reserve compared to the RG (p=0.05). HRV indices at the end of the effort were similar among the groups (p>0.05). During the recovery condition, the RG presented lower absolute and relative recovery heart rate (HRR) compared to the VG from the second minute (p<0.05). The values of SD1 were similar between the RG and VG. The CG presented reduced values of SD1 compared to the VG for 30 seconds, 1 and 3 minutes; and only in the 1st minute compared to the RG (p<0.05). The RG presented lower SD2 value compared to VG (p<0.05) during the third minute of recovery. The RG presented lower values of DFA α1 compared to the CG from 1 minute; and between 2 and 4 minutes of recovery compared to GV (p<0.05). Conclusion: Regardless of the type of physical training, all groups presented bradycardia at rest, with emphasis on greater bradycardia in VG compared to CG and RG. During effort, the groups presented normal physiological behavior. In the recovery condition immediately after cardiopulmonary testing, vagal reactivation was similar between VG and RG and reduced in CG. Despite the similar vagal reactivation between VG and RG, the RG showed reduced absolute and relative HRR from the 2nd to the 5th min compared to the VG. Possibly the reduced HRR observed in the RG is associated with the long-term coactivation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac autonomic branches over the 5 min of recovery.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Educação Física (FEF)
Informações adicionais:	Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, 2020.
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física
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